Band 5→6Grammatical Range & Accuracy11 min read

Complex Structures for Speaking: Conditionals and Comparatives

Use conditionals and comparative structures to express hypothetical ideas and make nuanced comparisons.

Band 6 speakers use a range of grammatical structures naturally. Two of the most effective for IELTS Speaking are conditionals and comparative structures.

Conditionals in speaking:

  • Type 1 (real possibility): "If I get the job, I will move to London."
  • Type 2 (hypothetical): "If I had more time, I would travel more."
  • Mixed: "If I had studied harder, I would be in a better position now."

Conditionals are perfect for Part 3 questions like "What would happen if...?" or "What could governments do to...?"

Comparative structures:

  • "X is considerably more [adjective] than Y"
  • "X is not nearly as [adjective] as Y"
  • "The more [adjective] X is, the more [adjective] Y becomes"
  • "X tends to be [adjective], whereas Y is more [adjective]"

Band 4 (no complex structures)

Cities are better than villages. Cities have more jobs. Villages are quiet but boring.

Why this works: Simple comparisons. No conditionals. No complex structures.

Band 6 (conditionals and comparatives)

I think cities tend to offer considerably more professional opportunities than rural areas, particularly for young people who are just starting their careers. That said, if I had the choice, I would probably prefer to live somewhere that combines the convenience of urban life with the tranquility of the countryside — somewhere like a small town on the outskirts of a major city. I think the more connected cities become through public transport, the more viable that kind of lifestyle becomes.

Why this works: Comparative: 'considerably more... than', 'the more... the more'. Conditional: 'if I had the choice, I would'. Natural and varied.

tranquility

the state of being calm and peaceful

Example: I value the tranquility of rural life.

viable

capable of working successfully

Example: This is a viable alternative.

outskirts

the outer parts of a city or town

Example: She lives on the outskirts of the city.

This structure shows that two things increase or decrease together. It is a sophisticated structure that examiners notice.

The more + adjective/noun + subject + verb, the more + adjective/noun + subject + verb
  • The more connected cities become, the more attractive they are to young professionals.
  • The harder you practise, the more natural your English will sound.
  • The more technology advances, the more dependent we become on it.
01"If I had the choice, I would..."
02"I think it's fair to say that X is considerably more... than Y."
03"The more... the more..."
04"X tends to be..., whereas Y is more..."
05"Compared to..., I would say that..."
  • Use Type 2 conditionals (If I had..., I would...) for hypothetical Part 3 questions.
  • Use 'considerably more/less than' for strong comparisons.
  • Use 'the more... the more' for showing two things that change together.
  • Use 'whereas' to contrast two things in a single sentence.
Practice Task

Answer these questions using at least one conditional and one comparative structure in each answer: 1) How do you think cities will change in the next 20 years? 2) What are the differences between studying online and studying in a classroom? 3) If you could change one thing about your education, what would it be?