Band 5→6Fluency & Coherence13 min read

Part 3: Discussing Abstract Ideas

Move beyond personal experience to discuss society-level ideas, trends, and opinions in Part 3.

Part 3 is the most challenging part of the Speaking test. The examiner asks abstract, society-level questions that require you to think critically and speak at length.

The key difference between Parts 1 and 3: | Part 1 | Part 3 | |---|---| | Personal experience | Society-level opinion | | "Do you enjoy cooking?" | "Why do you think cooking skills are declining in modern society?" | | Short, personal answers | Extended, analytical answers |

The Band 6 Part 3 formula:

  1. Position — state your view directly
  2. Reason — give the main reason
  3. Example or evidence — support with a specific example
  4. Concession — acknowledge the other side briefly
  5. Reaffirm — return to your position

Useful stalling phrases (to give yourself thinking time):

  • "That's an interesting question. I think..."
  • "Well, from my perspective..."
  • "It's difficult to say, but I suppose..."
  • "I hadn't really thought about it that way, but..."

Band 4 Part 3 answer

I think technology is good for society. It helps people communicate. Also it helps with work. But sometimes it is bad.

Why this works: No development. No analysis. 'Sometimes it is bad' — no explanation of when or why. Too short.

Band 6 Part 3 answer

That's a really thought-provoking question. From my perspective, technology has had a broadly positive impact on society, primarily because it has democratised access to information and education. For instance, someone in a remote village can now access the same online courses as a student at a top university. That said, I do think there are legitimate concerns about the way social media algorithms can create echo chambers and reinforce extreme viewpoints. So while the technology itself is largely neutral, the way it is designed and regulated matters enormously.

Why this works: Position → Reason (democratised access) → Example (remote village) → Concession (echo chambers) → Reaffirm (design and regulation). Approximately 90 seconds. Analytical and balanced.

democratise

to make something available to everyone

Example: The internet has democratised access to information.

echo chamber

an environment where people only hear views they already agree with

Example: Social media can create echo chambers.

legitimate

valid and reasonable

Example: These are legitimate concerns.

reinforce

to strengthen or support

Example: This reinforces existing inequalities.

neutral

not supporting either side

Example: Technology itself is largely neutral.

Part 3 requires you to discuss trends and possibilities. Use speculative language to show analytical thinking.

Subject + tend to / appear to / seem to + infinitive It is likely/possible/conceivable that + clause
  • Young people today tend to rely more heavily on digital communication than previous generations.
  • It is likely that automation will displace a significant number of jobs over the next decade.
  • Governments appear to be increasingly aware of the need for stricter data protection laws.
01"From my perspective..."
02"I think it's fair to say that..."
03"That said, I do think there are legitimate concerns about..."
04"It's a complex issue, but broadly speaking..."
05"While I understand the argument that..., I would argue that..."
primarilygiving the main reason

"This is primarily because..."

that saidintroducing a concession

"That said, there are drawbacks."

broadly speakingmaking a general statement

"Broadly speaking, the trend is positive."

in the long rundiscussing long-term effects

"In the long run, this will prove beneficial."

  • Part 3 requires society-level analysis, not just personal experience.
  • Use the formula: Position → Reason → Example → Concession → Reaffirm.
  • Use stalling phrases to give yourself thinking time without going silent.
  • Aim for 60–90 seconds per Part 3 answer.
Practice Task

Answer these Part 3 questions using the full formula (aim for 60–90 seconds each): 1) How has technology changed the way people socialise? 2) Do you think governments should control what people post on social media? 3) Why do you think some people prefer to live in cities rather than rural areas?